{"msg":"第五节 质量管理","code":200,"data":{"currentIndex":null,"examId":null,"examTime":null,"questionList":[{"id":"796238825377517569","title":"<p><strong>请作答第<span style=\"color: red\">1</span>个空。</strong></p>软件质量强调三个方面的内容：(32)是测试软件质量的基础:(33)定义了一组用于指导软件开发方式的准则；(34)间接定义了用户对某些特性的需求。","analyze":"构建高质量的软件是进行项目开发的重要目标，软件质量强调三个方面的内容：软件需求是测试软件质量的基础；开发标准定义了一组用于指导软件开发方式的准则：隐式需求间接定义了用户对某些特性的期望。","multi":0,"questionType":1,"answer":"A","chooseItem":["796238826262515713"],"itemList":[{"id":"796238826262515713","questionId":"796238825377517569","content":" 软件需求","answer":1,"chooseValue":"A"},{"id":"796238826275098625","questionId":"796238825377517569","content":" 软件分析","answer":0,"chooseValue":"B"},{"id":"796238826287681537","questionId":"796238825377517569","content":" 软件设计","answer":0,"chooseValue":"C"},{"id":"796238826304458753","questionId":"796238825377517569","content":" 软件实现","answer":0,"chooseValue":"D"}],"userAnswer":null,"userChooseItem":null,"answerCorrect":null,"userCollect":null},{"id":"796238822407950337","title":"<p><strong>请作答第<span style=\"color: red\">2</span>个空。</strong></p>软件质量保证是软件项目控制的重要手段，(19)是软件质量保证的主要活动之一，其主要方法是（20）","analyze":"对于软件开发项目而言，控制是十分重要的管理活动。软件质量保证 (Software Quality Insurance, SQA)是在软件过程中的每一步都进行的“保护性活动”。 SQA主要由基于非执行的测试（也称为评审)、基于执行的测试（即通常所说的测试） 和程序正确性证明。软件评审是最为重要的SQA活动之一。它的作用是，在发现及改正错误的成本相对较小时就及时发现并排除错误。审查和走查是进行正式技术评审的两类具体方法。审查过程不仅步数比走审多，而且每个步骤都是正规的。由于在开发大型软件过程中所犯的错误绝大数是规格说明错误或设计镇误，而正式的技术评审发现这两类错误的有效性高达75%，因此是非常有效的软件质量保证方法。","multi":0,"questionType":1,"answer":"C","chooseItem":["796238823381028865"],"itemList":[{"id":"796238823330697217","questionId":"796238822407950337","content":" 测试与验证","answer":0,"chooseValue":"A"},{"id":"796238823355863041","questionId":"796238822407950337","content":" 分析与评价","answer":0,"chooseValue":"B"},{"id":"796238823381028865","questionId":"796238822407950337","content":" 审查与复审","answer":1,"chooseValue":"C"},{"id":"796238823410388993","questionId":"796238822407950337","content":" 追踪与审计","answer":0,"chooseValue":"D"}],"userAnswer":null,"userChooseItem":null,"answerCorrect":null,"userCollect":null},{"id":"796238831232765953","title":"<p><strong>请作答第<span style=\"color: red\">3</span>个空。</strong></p>软件质量强调三个方面的内容：(32)是测试软件质量的基础:(33)定义了一组用于指导软件开发方式的准则；(34)间接定义了用户对某些特性的需求。","analyze":"构建高质量的软件是进行项目开发的重要目标，软件质量强调三个方面的内容：软件需求是测试软件质量的基础；开发标准定义了一组用于指导软件开发方式的准则：隐式需求间接定义了用户对某些特性的期望。","multi":0,"questionType":1,"answer":"C","chooseItem":["796238832247787521"],"itemList":[{"id":"796238832201650177","questionId":"796238831232765953","content":" 功能需求","answer":0,"chooseValue":"A"},{"id":"796238832222621697","questionId":"796238831232765953","content":" 非功能需求","answer":0,"chooseValue":"B"},{"id":"796238832247787521","questionId":"796238831232765953","content":" 期望需求","answer":1,"chooseValue":"C"},{"id":"796238832272953345","questionId":"796238831232765953","content":" 质量属性需求","answer":0,"chooseValue":"D"}],"userAnswer":null,"userChooseItem":null,"answerCorrect":null,"userCollect":null},{"id":"796238819526463489","title":"<p><strong>请作答第<span style=\"color: red\">1</span>个空。</strong></p>软件质量保证是软件项目控制的重要手段，(19)是软件质量保证的主要活动之一，其主要方法是（20）","analyze":"本题考查软件质量保证的基础知识。<br>对于软件开发项目而言，控制是十分重要的管理活动。软件质量保证 (Software Quality Insurance, SQA)是在软件过程中的每一步都进行的“保护性活动”。 SQA主要由基于非执行的测试（也称为评审)、基于执行的测试（即通常所说的测试）和程序正确性证明。软件评审是最为重要的SQA活动之一。它的作用是，在发现及改正错误的成本相对较小时就及时发现并排除错误。审查和走查是进行正式技术评审的两类具体方法。审查过程不仅步数比走审多，而且每个步骤都是正规的。由于在开发大型软件过程中所犯的错误绝大数是规格说明错误或设计镇误，而正式的技术评审发现这两类错误的有效性高达75%，因此是非常有效的软件质量保证方法。","multi":0,"questionType":1,"answer":"B","chooseItem":["796238820453404673"],"itemList":[{"id":"796238820440821761","questionId":"796238819526463489","content":" 风险评估","answer":0,"chooseValue":"A"},{"id":"796238820453404673","questionId":"796238819526463489","content":" 软件评审","answer":1,"chooseValue":"B"},{"id":"796238820465987585","questionId":"796238819526463489","content":" 需求分析","answer":0,"chooseValue":"C"},{"id":"796238820478570497","questionId":"796238819526463489","content":" 架构设计","answer":0,"chooseValue":"D"}],"userAnswer":null,"userChooseItem":null,"answerCorrect":null,"userCollect":null},{"id":"796238816598839297","title":"<p><strong>请作答第<span style=\"color: red\">2</span>个空。</strong></p>某服务器软件系统对可用性（Availability)和性能（Performance)要求较高，以下(26)设计策略能提高该系统的可用性，（27）设计策略能够提高该系统的性能。","analyze":"软件质量属性描述了软件的非功能性属性。可用性质量属性描述了可用性是系统能够正常运行的时间比例，实现可用性策略的主要方法有错误检测、错误恢复和错误防御。主动冗余就是一种错误恢复的策略。性能是指系统的响应能力，即要经过多长时间才能对某个事件做出响应，或者在某段时间内系统所能处理事件的个数。队列调度是一种提升系统性能的常用方法。","multi":0,"questionType":1,"answer":"D","chooseItem":["796238817563529217"],"itemList":[{"id":"796238817517391873","questionId":"796238816598839297","content":" 限制访问","answer":0,"chooseValue":"A"},{"id":"796238817534169089","questionId":"796238816598839297","content":" 内置监控器","answer":0,"chooseValue":"B"},{"id":"796238817550946305","questionId":"796238816598839297","content":" 主动冗余","answer":0,"chooseValue":"C"},{"id":"796238817563529217","questionId":"796238816598839297","content":" 队列调度","answer":1,"chooseValue":"D"}],"userAnswer":null,"userChooseItem":null,"answerCorrect":null,"userCollect":null},{"id":"796238813646049281","title":"<p><strong>请作答第<span style=\"color: red\">1</span>个空。</strong></p>某服务器软件系统对可用性（Availability)和性能（Performance)要求较高，以下(26)设计策略能提高该系统的可用性，（27）设计策略能够提高该系统的性能。","analyze":"软件质量属性描述了软件的非功能性属性。可用性质量属性描述了可用性是系统能够正常运行的时间比例，实现可用性策略的主要方法有错误检测、错误恢复和错误防御。主动冗余就是一种错误恢复的策略。性能是指系统的响应能力，即要经过多长时间才能对某个事件做出响应，或者在某段时间内系统所能处理事件的个数。队列调度是一种提升系统性能的常用方法。","multi":0,"questionType":1,"answer":"C","chooseItem":["796238814631710721"],"itemList":[{"id":"796238814568796161","questionId":"796238813646049281","content":" 限制访问","answer":0,"chooseValue":"A"},{"id":"796238814598156289","questionId":"796238813646049281","content":" 内置监控器","answer":0,"chooseValue":"B"},{"id":"796238814631710721","questionId":"796238813646049281","content":" 主动冗余","answer":1,"chooseValue":"C"},{"id":"796238814661070849","questionId":"796238813646049281","content":" 队列调度","answer":0,"chooseValue":"D"}],"userAnswer":null,"userChooseItem":null,"answerCorrect":null,"userCollect":null},{"id":"796238828309336065","title":"<p><strong>请作答第<span style=\"color: red\">2</span>个空。</strong></p>软件质量强调三个方面的内容：(32)是测试软件质量的基础:(33)定义了一组用于指导软件开发方式的准则；(34)间接定义了用户对某些特性的需求。","analyze":"构建高质量的软件是进行项目开发的重要目标，软件质量强调三个方面的内容：软件需求是测试软件质量的基础；开发标准定义了一组用于指导软件开发方式的准则：隐式需求间接定义了用户对某些特性的期望。","multi":0,"questionType":1,"answer":"B","chooseItem":["796238829248860161"],"itemList":[{"id":"796238829232082945","questionId":"796238828309336065","content":" 开发文档","answer":0,"chooseValue":"A"},{"id":"796238829248860161","questionId":"796238828309336065","content":" 开发标准","answer":1,"chooseValue":"B"},{"id":"796238829261443073","questionId":"796238828309336065","content":" 维护手册","answer":0,"chooseValue":"C"},{"id":"796238829274025985","questionId":"796238828309336065","content":" 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